For a wave on a 1d string that hits a boundary between 2 strings of different material we get, $$\widetilde{f}(z<0) = \widetilde{A}_I e^{i(k_1)z-\omega t} + \widetilde{A}_Re^{i(-k_1z-\omega t)}$$ $$\widetilde{f}(z>0) = \widetilde{A}_T e^{i(k_2)z-\omega t}$$ where continuity (BCs) give, $$\widetilde{A}_R = \left(\dfrac{k_1-k_2}{k_1+k_2}\right)\widetilde{A}_I$$ $$\widetilde{A}_T = \left(\dfrac{2k_1}{k_1+k_2}\right)\widetilde{A}_I$$ Is the transmitted wave in phase with the incident wave? A) Yes, always B) No, never C) Depends Note: * Correct answer: A

For a wave on a 1d string that hits a boundary between 2 strings of different material we get, $$\widetilde{f}(z<0) = \widetilde{A}_I e^{i(k_1)z-\omega t} + \widetilde{A}_Re^{i(-k_1z-\omega t)}$$ $$\widetilde{f}(z>0) = \widetilde{A}_T e^{i(k_2)z-\omega t}$$ where continuity (BCs) give, $$\widetilde{A}_R = \left(\dfrac{k_1-k_2}{k_1+k_2}\right)\widetilde{A}_I$$ $$\widetilde{A}_T = \left(\dfrac{2k_1}{k_1+k_2}\right)\widetilde{A}_I$$ Is the reflected wave in phase with the incident wave? A) Yes, always B) No, never C) Depends Note: * Correct answer: C * Can be 180 out of phase

An electromagnetic plane wave propagates to the right. Four vertical antennas are labeled 1-4. 1, 2, and 3 lie in the $x-y$ plane. 1, 2, and 4 have the same $x$-coordinate, but antenna 4 is located further out in the $z$-direction. Rank the time-averaged signals received by each antenna. <img src="./images/EM_waves_antenna.png" align="right" style="width: 700px";/> 1. 1=2=3$>$4 2. 3$>$2$>$1=4 3. 1=2=4$>$3 4. 1=2=3=4 5. 3$>$1=2=4 Note: * Correct Answer: D

A point source of radiation emits power $P_0$ isotropically (uniformly in all directions). A detector of area $a_d$ is located a distance $R$ away from the source. What is the power $P_d$ received by the detector? <img src="./images/detector_spherical.png" align="right" style="width: 300px";/> 1. $\frac{P_0}{4\pi R^2}a_d$ 2. $P_0\frac{a_d^2}{R^2}$ 3. $P_0\frac{a_d}{R}$ 4. $\frac{P_0}{\pi R^2}a_d$ 5. None of these Note: * Correct Answer: A